Available on Github: mcmahonmc
Hippocampal long axis differentiation
- The hippocampus shows a long axis anterior-posterior differentiation of function
- Poppenk et al. (2013) suggested that the type of processing in the hippocampus varied from fine to coarse grained in a posterior to anterior direction, based on evidence that receptive fields vary from narrow at the posterior end of the hippocampus to broad at the anterior end (Kjelstrup et al., 2008; Maurer, Vanrhoads, Sutherland, Lipa, & McNaughton, 2005).
- Anterior = pattern completion, posterior = pattern separation
Grady et al., 2020
Grady et al., 2020
- The anterior and posterior portions may undergo different developmental trajectories across the lifespan, and may give rise to some of the cognitive changes that commonly accompany the aging process (i.e., episodic memory)
Langnes et al., 2020
Sleep and the hippocampus
- Hippocampus involved in sleep architecture (theta in REM, sharp wave ripples in NREM, coupling with slow wave)
- Chronic sleep disruption and circadian rhythmicity affect hippocampal neurogenesis in animals (Raven et al., 2018; Kreutzmann et al., 2015)
- In older adults, more robust rest-activity rhythms were associated with greater anterior hippocampal volume (Sherman et al., 2015)
- Sleep disturbance in older adults predicts increasingly worse scores on standardized neuropsychological tests, including memory subcomponents that depend upon the hippocampus (HVLT)
Dedifferentiation with aging
- There is a reduction in the specificity of neural representations which may be responsible for cognitive decline as people age
Research Question
Are sleep-wake patterns associated with volumetric differences along the hippocampal long axis that underlie episodic memory?
Methods
- Healthy younger (n = 43, age = 21.5, ±3.86) and older (n = 55, age = 68.2, ±5.63) adults
- Actigraphy
- fMRI scanning
- Episodic memory measures: associative memory task, CVLT (older adults only)
- Working memory/novelty measure: repeat task
Actigraphy
- Selected mean sleep duration, acrophase, amplitude, and interdaily stability as measures of interest
Memory assessment
- Planned to use CVLT, but did not have data available from younger adults :(
Associative memory task
- Had associative memory task data, but really only have a good measure of intial encoding and short-term recall (no long-term recall measure)
- This is problematic because really wanted long-term recall measure (Langnes et al. 2020)
Repeat task
- 1-back working memory task
- Novelty vs. familiarity
Participants
| Young Adults | Older Adults | |
|---|---|---|
| n | 43 | 55 |
| Group = Older Adults (%) | 0 ( 0.0) | 55 (100.0) |
| age (mean (SD)) | 21.51 (3.86) | 68.20 (5.63) |
| sex = Male (%) | 17 (39.5) | 12 ( 21.8) |
| years_educ (mean (SD)) | 14.62 (2.38) | 16.88 (2.94) |
| global_psqi (mean (SD)) | 4.21 (1.79) | 4.40 (2.15) |
| cesd_score (mean (SD)) | 7.00 (4.08) | 2.00 (NA) |
| gds_total (mean (SD)) | 0.00 (0.00) | 1.20 (2.30) |
| sleep_time_mean_sleep (mean (SD)) | 398.57 (97.86) | 404.55 (85.83) |
| efficiency_mean_sleep (mean (SD)) | 81.43 (6.92) | 80.62 (9.04) |
| total_ac_mean_active (mean (SD)) | 326940.99 (189192.81) | 251197.38 (89924.99) |
| actamp (mean (SD)) | 1.61 (0.29) | 1.58 (0.34) |
| IS (mean (SD)) | 0.42 (0.11) | 0.54 (0.12) |
| actphi (mean (SD)) | 16.38 (1.45) | 14.73 (1.65) |
Parcellation
- Used brainlife.io to obtain hippocampal volume measures
- Uploaded BIDS dataset
- Checked orientation of all T1 images
- Ran ACPC alignment
Original T1:
ACPC aligned:
- Used ‘HBT’ divisions (Iglesias et al., 2015)
- This parcellation was based on both ex vivo and in vivo data
Manual labelling
Eight coronal slices from Case 14 and corresponding manual annotations
In vivo dataset and comparison with ex vivo images
Freesurfer HBT
Results
Aging and hippocampal volume
ICV normalized
We wanted to look at hippocampal volume independently of total intracranial volume, so we calculated HC volume as follows: adjusted HC volume = raw HC volume – b X (ICV – average ICV), where b is the slope of regression of the raw HC volume on ICV (Brehmer et al., 2020).
Memory Performance
| Young Adults | Older Adults | |
|---|---|---|
| n | 41 | 45 |
| Group = Older Adults (%) | 0 (0.0) | 45 (100.0) |
| cvlt_sdelay_recall_zscore (mean (SD)) | NaN (NA) | 0.78 (0.97) |
| cvlt_ldelay_recall_zscore (mean (SD)) | NaN (NA) | 0.62 (0.97) |
| cvlt_recognition_hits_zscore (mean (SD)) | NaN (NA) | -0.02 (0.91) |
| cvlt_recognition_fp_zscore (mean (SD)) | NaN (NA) | -0.26 (0.82) |
| cvlt_zscore (mean (SD)) | NaN (NA) | 0.36 (0.72) |
| acc_mean.learning (mean (SD)) | 0.89 (0.15) | 0.83 (0.15) |
| rt_c_mean.learning (mean (SD)) | 1721.46 (404.47) | 2505.97 (1414.27) |
| acc_mean.test (mean (SD)) | 0.90 (0.11) | 0.85 (0.10) |
| rt_c_mean.test (mean (SD)) | 2459.76 (211.57) | 2760.01 (209.07) |
| memrepeat_accuracy (mean (SD)) | 0.93 (0.14) | 0.98 (0.04) |
| memrepeat_rt (mean (SD)) | 551.91 (81.60) | 593.24 (86.98) |
dmem %>%
select(record_id, acc_mean.learning, acc_mean.test) %>%
filter((acc_mean.learning < 0.33)|(acc_mean.test < 0.50))## record_id acc_mean.learning acc_mean.test
## 1 40550 0.25 0.6666667dmem <- dmem %>%
filter(acc_mean.learning > 0.33)Hippocampal volume and CVLT performance within older adults
- Only had CVLT data for older adults
- Did not see relationship between hippocampal volume and CVLT memory
Sleep and CVLT performance
Hippocampal volume and associative memory task performance
- Using the associative memory task allowed us to include the young adult comparison group.
- There was a significant Group by hippocampal head volume effect on associative memory accuracy during the test phase
Sleep and memory performance
- Significant age group x acrophase interaction effect on test phase accuracy
- Later acrophase was associated with shorter response times on correct trials when controlling for the effect of age group
## Saving 7 x 5 in image
## Saving 7 x 5 in image
Hippocampal volume and sleep
- Nada!
Discussion
- Did not identify evidence of a long-axis encoding/retrieval differentiation using either of our episodic memory tasks
- Among older adults, greater hippocampal head volume was associated with greater associative memory accuracy during test.
- Acrophase was also associated with greater associative memory accuracy during test, consistent with (Ming Yi Lee et al., 2021) which recently found that older adults with delayed acrophase were less likely to have better cognition
- But, acrophase was not associated with hippocampal head volume
- No other selected sleep measures (mean sleep duration, rhythm amplitude, interdaily stability, acrophase) were associated with hippocampal volume at conventional statistical thresholds.
- Did not see any relationship with CVLT performance in contrast to prior literature.
Limitations
- Lack of CVLT-II data for young adult group prevented examination of different components of memory across adult development
- Hoped to partially overcome this limitation by evaluating relationships between hippocampal volume and aspects of performance on an associative memory task. This task provided behavioral measures much narrower in scope compared to the CVLT-II, with instead only measures of initial encoding and short-term recall.
- Participants across both age groups performed well on this task, making it difficult to tease out functional variability.
- Healthy group not representative of ‘normal’ aging
- Cross-sectional nature of the study may have prevented us from picking up on the key features of sleep that are important markers of cognitive health. Maybe the trajectories of these sleep patterns rather than their raw values are more revealing about the expected status of an individual’s cognitive performance and underlying brain health.
All analyses below
Hippocampal volume and associative memory
- Excluded participants below chance accuracy
Sleep
Sleep and hippocampal volume
dmem %>%
rename(`Head` = Hippocampal_head) %>%
rename(`Tail` = Hippocampal_tail) %>%
rename(`Total` = Hippocampus) %>%
rename(`Sleep duration` = sleep_time_mean_sleep) %>%
rename(`Acrophase` = actphi) %>%
melt(id.vars = c('record_id', 'Group', 'IS', 'Sleep duration', 'Acrophase'), measure.vars = c('Head', 'Tail', 'Total'), variable.name = 'Hippocampal region', value.name = 'Hippocampal subregion volume') %>%
melt(id.vars = c('record_id', 'Group', 'Hippocampal region', 'Hippocampal subregion volume'), measure.vars = c('IS', 'Sleep duration', 'Acrophase'), variable.name = 'Rest-Activity measure', value.name = 'value') %>%
ggplot(aes(x = `Hippocampal subregion volume`, y = value, group = Group, color = Group)) +
geom_point() +
stat_smooth(method = 'lm', formula = 'y ~ x') +
facet_grid(`Rest-Activity measure` ~ `Hippocampal region`, scales = 'free') +
scale_color_brewer(palette = 'Set1') + theme_minimal() +
theme(legend.position='none') +
theme_minimal()## Warning: Removed 42 rows containing non-finite values (stat_smooth).## Warning: Removed 42 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Sleep and cognition
Stats
dmem2 <- dmem %>%
filter(acc_mean.test > 0.50) %>%
filter(acc_mean.learning > 0.33)
## learning
summary(lm(acc_mean.learning ~ Hippocampal_head * Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.learning ~ Hippocampal_head * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.51702 -0.03853 0.03857 0.08167 0.16426
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1.2152435 0.2708085 4.487 2.42e-05 ***
## Hippocampal_head -0.0000904 0.0000764 -1.183 0.240
## GroupOlder Adults -0.5045473 0.3721219 -1.356 0.179
## Hippocampal_head:GroupOlder Adults 0.0001328 0.0001114 1.192 0.237
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1361 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.05633, Adjusted R-squared: 0.0205
## F-statistic: 1.572 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 0.2027summary(lm(acc_mean.learning ~ Hippocampal_head + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.learning ~ Hippocampal_head + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.54845 -0.03520 0.03212 0.08114 0.15628
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 9.945e-01 1.981e-01 5.020 3.07e-06 ***
## Hippocampal_head -2.792e-05 5.573e-05 -0.501 0.6178
## GroupOlder Adults -6.317e-02 3.717e-02 -1.700 0.0931 .
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1365 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.03936, Adjusted R-squared: 0.01534
## F-statistic: 1.639 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.2006summary(lm(rt_c_mean.learning ~ Hippocampal_head * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.learning ~ Hippocampal_head * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -1397.9 -402.1 -68.0 328.6 3846.1
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1448.7832 1377.8769 1.051 0.296
## Hippocampal_head 0.0764 0.3887 0.197 0.845
## GroupOlder Adults 163.8161 1893.3611 0.087 0.931
## Hippocampal_head:GroupOlder Adults 0.1705 0.5666 0.301 0.764
##
## Residual standard error: 692.6 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1998, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1694
## F-statistic: 6.576 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 0.0005026summary(lm(rt_c_mean.learning ~ Hippocampal_head + Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.learning ~ Hippocampal_head + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -1413.1 -399.9 -61.3 333.8 3873.0
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1165.2623 999.6003 1.166 0.247188
## Hippocampal_head 0.1566 0.2812 0.557 0.579083
## GroupOlder Adults 730.6844 187.5350 3.896 0.000202 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 688.7 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1989, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1789
## F-statistic: 9.931 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.0001404summary(lm(acc_mean.learning ~ Hippocampal_tail * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.learning ~ Hippocampal_tail * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.56039 -0.03679 0.04026 0.07739 0.16005
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 8.705e-01 2.276e-01 3.824 0.000261 ***
## Hippocampal_tail 2.111e-05 1.887e-04 0.112 0.911186
## GroupOlder Adults 1.508e-02 3.113e-01 0.048 0.961469
## Hippocampal_tail:GroupOlder Adults -6.037e-05 2.735e-04 -0.221 0.825849
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1375 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.03698, Adjusted R-squared: 0.0004086
## F-statistic: 1.011 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 0.3923summary(lm(acc_mean.learning ~ Hippocampal_tail + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.learning ~ Hippocampal_tail + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.56326 -0.03611 0.04426 0.07735 0.15705
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 9.050e-01 1.645e-01 5.503 4.37e-07 ***
## Hippocampal_tail -7.627e-06 1.358e-04 -0.056 0.955
## GroupOlder Adults -5.318e-02 3.510e-02 -1.515 0.134
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1367 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.03638, Adjusted R-squared: 0.01229
## F-statistic: 1.51 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.2271summary(lm(rt_c_mean.learning ~ Hippocampal_tail * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.learning ~ Hippocampal_tail * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -1482.3 -375.4 -88.0 293.2 3992.5
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1247.0697 1143.3366 1.091 0.279
## Hippocampal_tail 0.3927 0.9476 0.414 0.680
## GroupOlder Adults 2011.7725 1563.2594 1.287 0.202
## Hippocampal_tail:GroupOlder Adults -1.2090 1.3734 -0.880 0.381
##
## Residual standard error: 690.7 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2043, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1741
## F-statistic: 6.762 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 0.0004063summary(lm(rt_c_mean.learning ~ Hippocampal_tail + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.learning ~ Hippocampal_tail + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -1449.2 -387.2 -66.4 341.6 3936.1
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1938.3750 829.8197 2.336 0.022001 *
## Hippocampal_tail -0.1829 0.6849 -0.267 0.790148
## GroupOlder Adults 644.4832 177.0766 3.640 0.000482 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 689.7 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1965, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1764
## F-statistic: 9.783 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.0001582## test
summary(lm(acc_mean.test ~ Hippocampal_head * Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.test ~ Hippocampal_head * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.22033 -0.07305 0.01466 0.07447 0.15075
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1.140e+00 1.864e-01 6.118 3.43e-08 ***
## Hippocampal_head -6.633e-05 5.259e-05 -1.261 0.2109
## GroupOlder Adults -5.687e-01 2.561e-01 -2.220 0.0293 *
## Hippocampal_head:GroupOlder Adults 1.559e-04 7.665e-05 2.033 0.0454 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.0937 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1207, Adjusted R-squared: 0.08733
## F-statistic: 3.615 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 0.01673summary(lm(acc_mean.test ~ Hippocampal_head + Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.test ~ Hippocampal_head + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.24124 -0.06125 0.01043 0.06831 0.14756
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 8.811e-01 1.386e-01 6.355 1.19e-08 ***
## Hippocampal_head 7.022e-06 3.900e-05 0.180 0.8576
## GroupOlder Adults -5.042e-02 2.601e-02 -1.939 0.0561 .
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.09552 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.0747, Adjusted R-squared: 0.05157
## F-statistic: 3.229 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.0448summary(lm(rt_c_mean.test ~ Hippocampal_head * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.test ~ Hippocampal_head * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -403.79 -137.09 1.26 120.88 490.41
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 2274.4124 390.8771 5.819 1.21e-07 ***
## Hippocampal_head 0.0477 0.1103 0.433 0.667
## GroupOlder Adults 440.0520 537.1101 0.819 0.415
## Hippocampal_head:GroupOlder Adults -0.0359 0.1607 -0.223 0.824
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 196.5 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.3937, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3707
## F-statistic: 17.1 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 1.193e-08summary(lm(rt_c_mean.test ~ Hippocampal_head + Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.test ~ Hippocampal_head + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -403.4 -137.3 -0.5 118.0 484.7
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 2.334e+03 2.835e+02 8.233 2.82e-12 ***
## Hippocampal_head 3.081e-02 7.976e-02 0.386 0.7
## GroupOlder Adults 3.207e+02 5.319e+01 6.030 4.82e-08 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 195.3 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.3933, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3781
## F-statistic: 25.93 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 2.083e-09summary(lm(acc_mean.test ~ Hippocampal_tail * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.test ~ Hippocampal_tail * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.23810 -0.05927 0.01741 0.06766 0.16903
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 8.732e-01 1.575e-01 5.543 3.8e-07 ***
## Hippocampal_tail 2.722e-05 1.306e-04 0.208 0.835
## GroupOlder Adults -2.042e-01 2.154e-01 -0.948 0.346
## Hippocampal_tail:GroupOlder Adults 1.449e-04 1.892e-04 0.766 0.446
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.09517 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.09295, Adjusted R-squared: 0.05851
## F-statistic: 2.699 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 0.05135summary(lm(acc_mean.test ~ Hippocampal_tail + Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.test ~ Hippocampal_tail + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.23522 -0.05712 0.01357 0.07171 0.15944
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 7.904e-01 1.142e-01 6.921 1.01e-09 ***
## Hippocampal_tail 9.620e-05 9.426e-05 1.021 0.311
## GroupOlder Adults -4.032e-02 2.437e-02 -1.654 0.102
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.09492 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.08622, Adjusted R-squared: 0.06338
## F-statistic: 3.774 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.02714summary(lm(rt_c_mean.test ~ Hippocampal_tail * Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.test ~ Hippocampal_tail * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -412.51 -130.49 -3.03 114.02 514.58
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1892.9102 318.2656 5.948 7.04e-08 ***
## Hippocampal_tail 0.4580 0.2638 1.736 0.0864 .
## GroupOlder Adults 1105.8602 435.1577 2.541 0.0130 *
## Hippocampal_tail:GroupOlder Adults -0.6897 0.3823 -1.804 0.0750 .
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 192.3 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.4195, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3974
## F-statistic: 19.03 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 2.209e-09summary(lm(rt_c_mean.test ~ Hippocampal_tail + Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.test ~ Hippocampal_tail + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -404.39 -136.91 -18.74 111.65 482.39
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 2287.2624 234.5556 9.751 2.95e-15 ***
## Hippocampal_tail 0.1296 0.1936 0.670 0.505
## GroupOlder Adults 325.8958 50.0522 6.511 6.07e-09 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 195 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.3956, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3805
## F-statistic: 26.18 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 1.794e-09## trial type
summary(lm(accuracy.mismatch ~ Hippocampal_head * Group, data = dmem)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = accuracy.mismatch ~ Hippocampal_head * Group, data = dmem)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.39152 -0.09867 0.03442 0.10726 0.18071
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1.254e+00 2.657e-01 4.720 1.01e-05 ***
## Hippocampal_head -1.036e-04 7.497e-05 -1.382 0.1708
## GroupOlder Adults -8.378e-01 3.652e-01 -2.294 0.0244 *
## Hippocampal_head:GroupOlder Adults 2.379e-04 1.093e-04 2.177 0.0325 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1336 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.08873, Adjusted R-squared: 0.05412
## F-statistic: 2.564 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 0.06056summary(lm(accuracy.match ~ Hippocampal_head + Group, data = dmem)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = accuracy.match ~ Hippocampal_head + Group, data = dmem)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.25673 -0.08746 0.02197 0.07644 0.13553
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 9.100e-01 1.464e-01 6.217 2.16e-08 ***
## Hippocampal_head 3.924e-06 4.118e-05 0.095 0.9243
## GroupOlder Adults -5.574e-02 2.746e-02 -2.030 0.0457 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1008 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.07725, Adjusted R-squared: 0.05418
## F-statistic: 3.348 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.04013summary(lm(accuracy.mismatch ~ Hippocampal_tail + Group, data = dmem)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = accuracy.mismatch ~ Hippocampal_tail + Group, data = dmem)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.42223 -0.08495 0.04056 0.10810 0.18917
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.6311752 0.1618813 3.899 0.0002 ***
## Hippocampal_tail 0.0002139 0.0001336 1.601 0.1133
## GroupOlder Adults -0.0216149 0.0345441 -0.626 0.5333
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1346 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.06381, Adjusted R-squared: 0.0404
## F-statistic: 2.726 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.07156summary(lm(accuracy.match ~ Hippocampal_head + Group, data = dmem)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = accuracy.match ~ Hippocampal_head + Group, data = dmem)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.25673 -0.08746 0.02197 0.07644 0.13553
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 9.100e-01 1.464e-01 6.217 2.16e-08 ***
## Hippocampal_head 3.924e-06 4.118e-05 0.095 0.9243
## GroupOlder Adults -5.574e-02 2.746e-02 -2.030 0.0457 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1008 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.07725, Adjusted R-squared: 0.05418
## F-statistic: 3.348 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.04013## recognition
summary(lm(memrepeat_accuracy ~ Hippocampal_head * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_accuracy ~ Hippocampal_head * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.38135 -0.00187 0.02024 0.03867 0.06276
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 9.803e-01 1.529e-01 6.410 9.78e-09 ***
## Hippocampal_head -1.080e-05 4.315e-05 -0.250 0.803
## GroupOlder Adults -2.606e-02 2.101e-01 -0.124 0.902
## Hippocampal_head:GroupOlder Adults 1.873e-05 6.289e-05 0.298 0.767
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.07688 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.05826, Adjusted R-squared: 0.0225
## F-statistic: 1.629 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 0.1893summary(lm(memrepeat_accuracy ~ Hippocampal_head + Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_accuracy ~ Hippocampal_head + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.37999 -0.00247 0.02062 0.03729 0.05872
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 9.492e-01 1.109e-01 8.556 6.57e-13 ***
## Hippocampal_head -1.984e-06 3.121e-05 -0.064 0.9495
## GroupOlder Adults 3.620e-02 2.081e-02 1.739 0.0859 .
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.07644 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.05721, Adjusted R-squared: 0.03364
## F-statistic: 2.427 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.09477summary(lm(memrepeat_accuracy ~ Hippocampal_tail * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_accuracy ~ Hippocampal_tail * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.37968 -0.00258 0.02044 0.03697 0.05785
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 9.420e-01 1.273e-01 7.398 1.28e-10 ***
## Hippocampal_tail 1.343e-07 1.055e-04 0.001 0.999
## GroupOlder Adults 2.908e-02 1.741e-01 0.167 0.868
## Hippocampal_tail:GroupOlder Adults 7.418e-06 1.529e-04 0.049 0.961
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.07692 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.05721, Adjusted R-squared: 0.02141
## F-statistic: 1.598 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 0.1965summary(lm(memrepeat_accuracy ~ Hippocampal_tail + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_accuracy ~ Hippocampal_tail + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.37954 -0.00249 0.02064 0.03662 0.05873
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 9.378e-01 9.197e-02 10.197 3.99e-16 ***
## Hippocampal_tail 3.666e-06 7.591e-05 0.048 0.9616
## GroupOlder Adults 3.747e-02 1.962e-02 1.909 0.0598 .
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.07644 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.05719, Adjusted R-squared: 0.03362
## F-statistic: 2.426 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.09485summary(lm(memrepeat_rt ~ Hippocampal_head * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_rt ~ Hippocampal_head * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -174.77 -46.86 -9.92 37.56 204.06
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 406.66232 158.66272 2.563 0.0123 *
## Hippocampal_head 0.03971 0.04476 0.887 0.3777
## GroupOlder Adults 165.94691 218.02079 0.761 0.4488
## Hippocampal_head:GroupOlder Adults -0.03494 0.06525 -0.535 0.5938
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 79.76 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.07247, Adjusted R-squared: 0.03725
## F-statistic: 2.057 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 0.1126summary(lm(memrepeat_rt ~ Hippocampal_head + Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_rt ~ Hippocampal_head + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -173.481 -47.001 -8.099 37.540 210.534
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 464.75889 115.24677 4.033 0.000125 ***
## Hippocampal_head 0.02327 0.03242 0.718 0.475092
## GroupOlder Adults 49.78934 21.62144 2.303 0.023890 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 79.4 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.0691, Adjusted R-squared: 0.04583
## F-statistic: 2.969 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.05703summary(lm(memrepeat_rt ~ Hippocampal_tail * Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_rt ~ Hippocampal_tail * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -163.382 -47.913 -7.499 36.252 194.444
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 362.4595 130.8964 2.769 0.007 **
## Hippocampal_tail 0.1536 0.1085 1.416 0.161
## GroupOlder Adults 276.1199 178.9718 1.543 0.127
## Hippocampal_tail:GroupOlder Adults -0.2014 0.1572 -1.281 0.204
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 79.07 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.08829, Adjusted R-squared: 0.05366
## F-statistic: 2.55 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 0.06161summary(lm(memrepeat_rt ~ Hippocampal_tail + Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_rt ~ Hippocampal_tail + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -168.546 -44.144 -3.634 40.677 213.288
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 477.62229 95.51716 5.000 3.31e-06 ***
## Hippocampal_tail 0.05774 0.07884 0.732 0.4661
## GroupOlder Adults 48.34665 20.38257 2.372 0.0201 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 79.39 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.06935, Adjusted R-squared: 0.04608
## F-statistic: 2.981 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.05642summary(lm(Hippocampal_head ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = Hippocampal_head ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + Group,
## data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -743.2 -133.5 19.1 156.5 529.5
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 3571.95285 162.05126 22.042 < 2e-16 ***
## sleep_time_mean_sleep -0.09991 0.40448 -0.247 0.806
## GroupOlder Adults -392.33644 60.53825 -6.481 6.92e-09 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 273.7 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.3497, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3335
## F-statistic: 21.51 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 3.343e-08summary(lm(Hippocampal_tail ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = Hippocampal_tail ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + Group,
## data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -351.51 -62.85 10.22 71.41 269.24
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1147.8174 66.3719 17.294 < 2e-16 ***
## sleep_time_mean_sleep 0.1378 0.1657 0.832 0.408
## GroupOlder Adults -136.2207 24.7949 -5.494 4.53e-07 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 112.1 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2742, Adjusted R-squared: 0.256
## F-statistic: 15.11 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 2.712e-06summary(lm(Hippocampal_tail ~ actphi * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = Hippocampal_tail ~ actphi * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -325.59 -47.48 -5.30 67.68 284.42
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1242.954 199.939 6.217 2.42e-08 ***
## actphi -2.979 12.203 -0.244 0.808
## GroupOlder Adults -505.907 268.171 -1.887 0.063 .
## actphi:GroupOlder Adults 25.736 17.301 1.488 0.141
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 110.3 on 77 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2823, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2543
## F-statistic: 10.1 on 3 and 77 DF, p-value: 1.102e-05summary(lm(Hippocampal_head ~ actphi + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = Hippocampal_head ~ actphi + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -743.23 -146.22 2.71 160.64 525.51
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 3566.878 356.894 9.994 1.29e-15 ***
## actphi -2.356 21.697 -0.109 0.914
## GroupOlder Adults -393.396 73.086 -5.383 7.49e-07 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 276.8 on 78 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.3383, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3214
## F-statistic: 19.94 on 2 and 78 DF, p-value: 1.01e-07summary(lm(Hippocampal_tail ~ actphi + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = Hippocampal_tail ~ actphi + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -335.21 -53.39 5.72 69.25 275.61
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1034.019 143.395 7.211 3.12e-10 ***
## actphi 9.825 8.717 1.127 0.263183
## GroupOlder Adults -109.357 29.365 -3.724 0.000369 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 111.2 on 78 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2617, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2427
## F-statistic: 13.82 on 2 and 78 DF, p-value: 7.273e-06summary(lm(Hippocampal_head ~ IS + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = Hippocampal_head ~ IS + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -721.11 -130.57 4.89 156.55 482.43
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 3401.75 123.79 27.480 < 2e-16 ***
## IS 338.56 272.58 1.242 0.218
## GroupOlder Adults -454.50 70.58 -6.440 1.23e-08 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 272.9 on 71 degrees of freedom
## (9 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.3852, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3678
## F-statistic: 22.24 on 2 and 71 DF, p-value: 3.171e-08summary(lm(Hippocampal_tail ~ IS + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = Hippocampal_tail ~ IS + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -281.292 -64.430 -0.735 89.946 234.194
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1097.30 51.72 21.218 < 2e-16 ***
## IS 234.23 113.88 2.057 0.0434 *
## GroupOlder Adults -154.58 29.48 -5.243 1.56e-06 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 114 on 71 degrees of freedom
## (9 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2795, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2592
## F-statistic: 13.77 on 2 and 71 DF, p-value: 8.812e-06summary(lm(sleep_time_mean_sleep ~ age, data = filter(d, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = sleep_time_mean_sleep ~ age, data = filter(d, Group ==
## "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -251.401 -45.806 0.445 44.877 198.471
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 453.7557 145.9511 3.109 0.00307 **
## age -0.7221 2.1345 -0.338 0.73654
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 86.57 on 51 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.002239, Adjusted R-squared: -0.01733
## F-statistic: 0.1144 on 1 and 51 DF, p-value: 0.7365summary(lm(actphi ~ age, data = filter(d, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = actphi ~ age, data = filter(d, Group == "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.1464 -0.9196 0.0024 0.6498 5.0248
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 21.23810 2.66261 7.976 1.58e-10 ***
## age -0.09543 0.03894 -2.451 0.0177 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1.579 on 51 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1054, Adjusted R-squared: 0.08782
## F-statistic: 6.006 on 1 and 51 DF, p-value: 0.01772summary(lm(IS ~ age, data = filter(d, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = IS ~ age, data = filter(d, Group == "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.27277 -0.08882 0.01933 0.07381 0.24460
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.629647 0.219392 2.870 0.00613 **
## age -0.001316 0.003189 -0.413 0.68166
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1241 on 47 degrees of freedom
## (6 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.003612, Adjusted R-squared: -0.01759
## F-statistic: 0.1704 on 1 and 47 DF, p-value: 0.6817## cvlt
summary(lm(cvlt_1 ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = cvlt_1 ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + age, data = filter(dmem2,
## Group == "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.5101 -0.8920 0.1360 0.9865 2.3519
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 9.063280 3.062374 2.960 0.00522 **
## sleep_time_mean_sleep 0.004280 0.002539 1.686 0.09977 .
## age -0.065127 0.042185 -1.544 0.13070
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1.424 on 39 degrees of freedom
## (1 observation deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1202, Adjusted R-squared: 0.07508
## F-statistic: 2.664 on 2 and 39 DF, p-value: 0.08232summary(lm(cvlt_sdelay_recall ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = cvlt_sdelay_recall ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + age,
## data = filter(dmem2, Group == "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -6.5885 -2.0738 0.6206 2.0535 4.9187
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 15.317344 6.596402 2.322 0.0255 *
## sleep_time_mean_sleep 0.010609 0.005468 1.940 0.0596 .
## age -0.122791 0.090867 -1.351 0.1844
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 3.068 on 39 degrees of freedom
## (1 observation deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1274, Adjusted R-squared: 0.08263
## F-statistic: 2.846 on 2 and 39 DF, p-value: 0.07016summary(lm(cvlt_ldelay_recall ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = cvlt_ldelay_recall ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + age,
## data = filter(dmem2, Group == "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -8.579 -1.790 0.284 1.715 4.791
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 16.931479 6.304269 2.686 0.0106 *
## sleep_time_mean_sleep 0.006731 0.005226 1.288 0.2053
## age -0.119978 0.086843 -1.382 0.1750
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 2.932 on 39 degrees of freedom
## (1 observation deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.08531, Adjusted R-squared: 0.0384
## F-statistic: 1.819 on 2 and 39 DF, p-value: 0.1757summary(lm(cvlt_recognition_hits ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = cvlt_recognition_hits ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep +
## age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.8819 -0.6732 0.0730 0.9228 1.6795
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 18.1576551 2.7641206 6.569 8.41e-08 ***
## sleep_time_mean_sleep 0.0006813 0.0022914 0.297 0.768
## age -0.0531396 0.0380763 -1.396 0.171
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1.285 on 39 degrees of freedom
## (1 observation deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.05, Adjusted R-squared: 0.001287
## F-statistic: 1.026 on 2 and 39 DF, p-value: 0.3678summary(lm(cvlt_1 ~ IS + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = cvlt_1 ~ IS + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group ==
## "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.0259 -1.3180 0.2339 1.1265 2.4217
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 11.29760 3.47152 3.254 0.00252 **
## IS -1.21490 1.96976 -0.617 0.54137
## age -0.06355 0.04721 -1.346 0.18697
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1.507 on 35 degrees of freedom
## (5 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.05602, Adjusted R-squared: 0.002076
## F-statistic: 1.038 on 2 and 35 DF, p-value: 0.3646summary(lm(cvlt_sdelay_recall ~ IS + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = cvlt_sdelay_recall ~ IS + age, data = filter(dmem2,
## Group == "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -5.421 -2.054 0.241 2.228 5.510
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 24.74403 7.28257 3.398 0.00171 **
## IS -5.95596 4.13217 -1.441 0.15837
## age -0.15157 0.09905 -1.530 0.13493
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 3.162 on 35 degrees of freedom
## (5 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.105, Adjusted R-squared: 0.05384
## F-statistic: 2.053 on 2 and 35 DF, p-value: 0.1436summary(lm(cvlt_ldelay_recall ~ IS + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = cvlt_ldelay_recall ~ IS + age, data = filter(dmem2,
## Group == "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -7.7456 -2.4855 0.0057 2.1474 5.2444
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 21.55285 6.86440 3.140 0.00343 **
## IS -4.15896 3.89490 -1.068 0.29292
## age -0.11648 0.09336 -1.248 0.22043
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 2.98 on 35 degrees of freedom
## (5 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.06685, Adjusted R-squared: 0.01353
## F-statistic: 1.254 on 2 and 35 DF, p-value: 0.2979summary(lm(cvlt_recognition_hits ~ IS + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults'))) ###
## Call:
## lm(formula = cvlt_recognition_hits ~ IS + age, data = filter(dmem2,
## Group == "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.1782 -0.7591 0.2665 0.8956 2.2133
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 20.54417 2.89204 7.104 2.81e-08 ***
## IS -3.27791 1.64096 -1.998 0.0536 .
## age -0.05881 0.03933 -1.495 0.1438
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1.255 on 35 degrees of freedom
## (5 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1422, Adjusted R-squared: 0.09319
## F-statistic: 2.901 on 2 and 35 DF, p-value: 0.06827summary(lm(cvlt_1 ~ actphi + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = cvlt_1 ~ actphi + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group ==
## "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.13751 -0.80405 0.09204 1.11364 2.47768
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 17.51191 5.74705 3.047 0.00413 **
## actphi -0.26484 0.19824 -1.336 0.18930
## age -0.10753 0.05262 -2.044 0.04779 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1.442 on 39 degrees of freedom
## (1 observation deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.09738, Adjusted R-squared: 0.05109
## F-statistic: 2.104 on 2 and 39 DF, p-value: 0.1356summary(lm(cvlt_sdelay_recall ~ actphi + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = cvlt_sdelay_recall ~ actphi + age, data = filter(dmem2,
## Group == "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -5.8904 -2.1930 0.4002 2.2276 5.4509
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 21.50759 12.79416 1.681 0.101
## actphi -0.06693 0.44132 -0.152 0.880
## age -0.13655 0.11714 -1.166 0.251
##
## Residual standard error: 3.211 on 39 degrees of freedom
## (1 observation deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.04372, Adjusted R-squared: -0.005317
## F-statistic: 0.8916 on 2 and 39 DF, p-value: 0.4182summary(lm(cvlt_ldelay_recall ~ actphi + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = cvlt_ldelay_recall ~ actphi + age, data = filter(dmem2,
## Group == "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -8.1447 -2.2184 0.2016 2.0038 5.1774
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 21.78366 11.92060 1.827 0.0753 .
## actphi -0.07942 0.41118 -0.193 0.8478
## age -0.13443 0.10914 -1.232 0.2254
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 2.992 on 39 degrees of freedom
## (1 observation deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.04731, Adjusted R-squared: -0.001544
## F-statistic: 0.9684 on 2 and 39 DF, p-value: 0.3886summary(lm(cvlt_recognition_hits ~ actphi + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = cvlt_recognition_hits ~ actphi + age, data = filter(dmem2,
## Group == "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.9193 -0.6126 0.0554 0.9410 1.7307
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 20.35412 5.11491 3.979 0.000291 ***
## actphi -0.07619 0.17643 -0.432 0.668230
## age -0.06516 0.04683 -1.391 0.171965
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1.284 on 39 degrees of freedom
## (1 observation deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.05238, Adjusted R-squared: 0.003786
## F-statistic: 1.078 on 2 and 39 DF, p-value: 0.3502summary(lm(cvlt_1 ~ actamp + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = cvlt_1 ~ actamp + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group ==
## "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.0049 -1.0762 0.0210 0.9855 2.4669
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 12.91768 3.49671 3.694 0.000675 ***
## actamp -0.89229 0.84042 -1.062 0.294895
## age -0.07618 0.04402 -1.730 0.091481 .
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1.454 on 39 degrees of freedom
## (1 observation deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.08258, Adjusted R-squared: 0.03554
## F-statistic: 1.755 on 2 and 39 DF, p-value: 0.1862summary(lm(cvlt_sdelay_recall ~ actamp + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = cvlt_sdelay_recall ~ actamp + age, data = filter(dmem2,
## Group == "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -5.7808 -1.8338 0.2286 2.1476 4.8902
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 25.67193 7.53252 3.408 0.00153 **
## actamp -2.56329 1.81041 -1.416 0.16475
## age -0.15399 0.09484 -1.624 0.11247
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 3.133 on 39 degrees of freedom
## (1 observation deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.08994, Adjusted R-squared: 0.04327
## F-statistic: 1.927 on 2 and 39 DF, p-value: 0.1592summary(lm(cvlt_ldelay_recall ~ actamp + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = cvlt_ldelay_recall ~ actamp + age, data = filter(dmem2,
## Group == "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -7.7584 -2.0971 -0.1176 2.1543 4.8697
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 26.18051 6.95126 3.766 0.000547 ***
## actamp -2.80250 1.67070 -1.677 0.101456
## age -0.15254 0.08752 -1.743 0.089222 .
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 2.891 on 39 degrees of freedom
## (1 observation deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1106, Adjusted R-squared: 0.06496
## F-statistic: 2.424 on 2 and 39 DF, p-value: 0.1018summary(lm(cvlt_recognition_hits ~ actamp + age, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults')))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = cvlt_recognition_hits ~ actamp + age, data = filter(dmem2,
## Group == "Older Adults"))
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -3.5981 -0.5777 0.1923 0.9283 1.7551
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 20.74040 3.02075 6.866 3.28e-08 ***
## actamp -1.00648 0.72602 -1.386 0.174
## age -0.06428 0.03803 -1.690 0.099 .
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 1.256 on 39 degrees of freedom
## (1 observation deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.09257, Adjusted R-squared: 0.04603
## F-statistic: 1.989 on 2 and 39 DF, p-value: 0.1504t.test(acc_mean.test ~ sleepundersix, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults'))##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: acc_mean.test by sleepundersix
## t = 0.35648, df = 11.875, p-value = 0.7277
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -0.0745471 0.1036717
## sample estimates:
## mean in group Under 6 h mean in group At least 6 h
## 0.8638889 0.8493266t.test(rt_c_mean.test ~ sleepundersix, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults'))##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: rt_c_mean.test by sleepundersix
## t = -3.2204, df = 21.92, p-value = 0.00395
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -296.83863 -64.25511
## sample estimates:
## mean in group Under 6 h mean in group At least 6 h
## 2612.949 2793.496t.test(cvlt_ldelay_recall ~ sleepundersix, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults'))##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: cvlt_ldelay_recall by sleepundersix
## t = 0.20286, df = 14.213, p-value = 0.8421
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -2.210293 2.672793
## sample estimates:
## mean in group Under 6 h mean in group At least 6 h
## 11.70000 11.46875t.test(cvlt_recognition_hits ~ sleepundersix, data = filter(dmem2, Group == 'Older Adults'))##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: cvlt_recognition_hits by sleepundersix
## t = 1.2709, df = 22.733, p-value = 0.2166
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -0.3025812 1.2650812
## sample estimates:
## mean in group Under 6 h mean in group At least 6 h
## 15.20000 14.71875## sleep time
summary(lm(acc_mean.learning ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.learning ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep * Group,
## data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.56251 -0.03474 0.02084 0.09563 0.15548
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 8.956e-01 1.397e-01 6.412 9.7e-09
## sleep_time_mean_sleep 6.723e-07 3.575e-04 0.002 0.999
## GroupOlder Adults -2.189e-01 1.713e-01 -1.278 0.205
## sleep_time_mean_sleep:GroupOlder Adults 4.131e-04 4.309e-04 0.959 0.341
##
## (Intercept) ***
## sleep_time_mean_sleep
## GroupOlder Adults
## sleep_time_mean_sleep:GroupOlder Adults
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1351 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.07113, Adjusted R-squared: 0.03586
## F-statistic: 2.017 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 0.1183summary(lm(acc_mean.learning ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.learning ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + Group,
## data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.56533 -0.04177 0.02595 0.08944 0.15574
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.7857898 0.0799264 9.831 2.06e-15 ***
## sleep_time_mean_sleep 0.0002850 0.0001995 1.429 0.1570
## GroupOlder Adults -0.0571486 0.0298585 -1.914 0.0592 .
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.135 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.06032, Adjusted R-squared: 0.03683
## F-statistic: 2.568 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.08301summary(lm(rt_c_mean.learning~ sleep_time_mean_sleep * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.learning ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep * Group,
## data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -1248.3 -432.1 -54.1 375.6 3906.7
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 2216.583 714.035 3.104 0.00265 **
## sleep_time_mean_sleep -1.289 1.828 -0.706 0.48255
## GroupOlder Adults -140.917 875.984 -0.161 0.87261
## sleep_time_mean_sleep:GroupOlder Adults 2.063 2.203 0.936 0.35199
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 690.5 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2048, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1746
## F-statistic: 6.781 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 0.0003974summary(lm(rt_c_mean.learning~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.learning ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + Group,
## data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -1407.4 -391.5 -62.2 311.8 3917.6
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1668.4789 408.5104 4.084 0.000104 ***
## sleep_time_mean_sleep 0.1301 1.0197 0.128 0.898757
## GroupOlder Adults 666.6797 152.6091 4.369 3.72e-05 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 690 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.196, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1759
## F-statistic: 9.748 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.0001626summary(lm(acc_mean.test~ sleep_time_mean_sleep * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.test ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.24417 -0.06099 0.01777 0.06769 0.16070
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 8.698e-01 9.912e-02 8.775 2.68e-13
## sleep_time_mean_sleep 9.357e-05 2.537e-04 0.369 0.713
## GroupOlder Adults -5.713e-02 1.216e-01 -0.470 0.640
## sleep_time_mean_sleep:GroupOlder Adults 5.701e-06 3.058e-04 0.019 0.985
##
## (Intercept) ***
## sleep_time_mean_sleep
## GroupOlder Adults
## sleep_time_mean_sleep:GroupOlder Adults
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.09585 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.07985, Adjusted R-squared: 0.0449
## F-statistic: 2.285 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 0.08523summary(lm(acc_mean.test~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.test ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.24438 -0.06099 0.01806 0.06774 0.16046
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.8682599 0.0563968 15.396 <2e-16 ***
## sleep_time_mean_sleep 0.0000975 0.0001408 0.693 0.4906
## GroupOlder Adults -0.0548947 0.0210684 -2.606 0.0109 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.09525 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.07984, Adjusted R-squared: 0.05684
## F-statistic: 3.471 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.03585summary(lm(rt_c_mean.test ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.test ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep * Group,
## data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -454.24 -123.32 -2.41 114.21 483.37
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 2.442e+03 1.993e+02 12.249 <2e-16
## sleep_time_mean_sleep 3.004e-03 5.102e-01 0.006 0.995
## GroupOlder Adults 5.867e+01 2.446e+02 0.240 0.811
## sleep_time_mean_sleep:GroupOlder Adults 6.190e-01 6.150e-01 1.006 0.317
##
## (Intercept) ***
## sleep_time_mean_sleep
## GroupOlder Adults
## sleep_time_mean_sleep:GroupOlder Adults
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 192.8 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.4164, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3943
## F-statistic: 18.79 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 2.709e-09summary(lm(rt_c_mean.test ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.test ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + Group,
## data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -438.67 -130.89 -8.16 116.87 486.65
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 2277.3047 114.1457 19.951 < 2e-16 ***
## sleep_time_mean_sleep 0.4291 0.2849 1.506 0.136
## GroupOlder Adults 301.0450 42.6419 7.060 5.44e-10 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 192.8 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.4089, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3942
## F-statistic: 27.67 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 7.334e-10summary(lm(memrepeat_accuracy ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep * Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_accuracy ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep * Group,
## data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.36938 -0.00287 0.01930 0.03793 0.07690
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1.0266493 0.0789392 13.006 <2e-16
## sleep_time_mean_sleep -0.0002188 0.0002021 -1.083 0.282
## GroupOlder Adults -0.0590763 0.0968433 -0.610 0.544
## sleep_time_mean_sleep:GroupOlder Adults 0.0002475 0.0002436 1.016 0.313
##
## (Intercept) ***
## sleep_time_mean_sleep
## GroupOlder Adults
## sleep_time_mean_sleep:GroupOlder Adults
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.07634 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.07146, Adjusted R-squared: 0.0362
## F-statistic: 2.027 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 0.1169summary(lm(memrepeat_accuracy ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_accuracy ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + Group,
## data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.37741 -0.00399 0.02045 0.03850 0.06204
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 9.609e-01 4.521e-02 21.255 <2e-16 ***
## sleep_time_mean_sleep -4.842e-05 1.128e-04 -0.429 0.6690
## GroupOlder Adults 3.783e-02 1.689e-02 2.240 0.0279 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.07635 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.05932, Adjusted R-squared: 0.03581
## F-statistic: 2.523 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.08662summary(lm(memrepeat_rt ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_rt ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -166.44 -50.47 -12.90 40.64 202.28
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 594.7063 82.7130 7.190 3.23e-10
## sleep_time_mean_sleep -0.1236 0.2117 -0.584 0.561
## GroupOlder Adults -4.4673 101.4730 -0.044 0.965
## sleep_time_mean_sleep:GroupOlder Adults 0.1171 0.2552 0.459 0.648
##
## (Intercept) ***
## sleep_time_mean_sleep
## GroupOlder Adults
## sleep_time_mean_sleep:GroupOlder Adults
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 79.99 on 79 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.06716, Adjusted R-squared: 0.03174
## F-statistic: 1.896 on 3 and 79 DF, p-value: 0.137summary(lm(memrepeat_rt ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_rt ~ sleep_time_mean_sleep + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -168.686 -52.973 -6.086 39.206 201.635
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 563.59476 47.12365 11.960 <2e-16 ***
## sleep_time_mean_sleep -0.04306 0.11762 -0.366 0.7152
## GroupOlder Adults 41.37354 17.60420 2.350 0.0212 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 79.59 on 80 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.06468, Adjusted R-squared: 0.04129
## F-statistic: 2.766 on 2 and 80 DF, p-value: 0.06894# acrophase
summary(lm(acc_mean.learning ~ actphi * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.learning ~ actphi * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.55244 -0.03418 0.04103 0.07822 0.16239
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1.12342 0.24996 4.494 2.42e-05 ***
## actphi -0.01419 0.01526 -0.930 0.355
## GroupOlder Adults -0.23438 0.33526 -0.699 0.487
## actphi:GroupOlder Adults 0.01107 0.02163 0.512 0.610
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.138 on 77 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.04186, Adjusted R-squared: 0.004527
## F-statistic: 1.121 on 3 and 77 DF, p-value: 0.3458summary(lm(acc_mean.learning ~ actphi + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.learning ~ actphi + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.55479 -0.02775 0.03359 0.08528 0.17315
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1.033588 0.177049 5.838 1.15e-07 ***
## actphi -0.008688 0.010763 -0.807 0.422
## GroupOlder Adults -0.063879 0.036257 -1.762 0.082 .
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1373 on 78 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.0386, Adjusted R-squared: 0.01395
## F-statistic: 1.566 on 2 and 78 DF, p-value: 0.2154summary(lm(rt_c_mean.learning~ actphi * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.learning ~ actphi * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -1241.1 -342.9 -55.1 294.1 3589.8
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 2659.28 1206.02 2.205 0.0304 *
## actphi -57.71 73.61 -0.784 0.4355
## GroupOlder Adults 2753.03 1617.59 1.702 0.0928 .
## actphi:GroupOlder Adults -150.78 104.36 -1.445 0.1526
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 665.6 on 77 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2736, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2453
## F-statistic: 9.668 on 3 and 77 DF, p-value: 1.726e-05summary(lm(rt_c_mean.learning~ actphi + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.learning ~ actphi + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -1313.2 -409.5 -15.7 350.1 3709.7
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 3883.39 864.27 4.493 2.4e-05 ***
## actphi -132.72 52.54 -2.526 0.0136 *
## GroupOlder Adults 429.72 176.99 2.428 0.0175 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 670.2 on 78 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2539, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2348
## F-statistic: 13.27 on 2 and 78 DF, p-value: 1.094e-05summary(lm(acc_mean.test~ actphi * Group, dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.test ~ actphi * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.23996 -0.07218 0.02977 0.07284 0.14993
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.965842 0.176139 5.483 5.1e-07 ***
## actphi -0.003663 0.010750 -0.341 0.734
## GroupOlder Adults -0.163887 0.236248 -0.694 0.490
## actphi:GroupOlder Adults 0.007162 0.015242 0.470 0.640
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.09721 on 77 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.0756, Adjusted R-squared: 0.03959
## F-statistic: 2.099 on 3 and 77 DF, p-value: 0.1072summary(lm(acc_mean.test~ actphi + Group, dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.test ~ actphi + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.23942 -0.07482 0.03590 0.06634 0.14746
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.9077002 0.1247272 7.277 2.33e-10 ***
## actphi -0.0001001 0.0075825 -0.013 0.9895
## GroupOlder Adults -0.0535353 0.0255421 -2.096 0.0393 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.09673 on 78 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.07295, Adjusted R-squared: 0.04918
## F-statistic: 3.069 on 2 and 78 DF, p-value: 0.05212summary(lm(rt_c_mean.test ~ actphi * Group, dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.test ~ actphi * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -442.86 -113.37 8.87 127.16 455.05
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 2764.36 339.40 8.145 5.35e-12 ***
## actphi -19.85 20.71 -0.958 0.3410
## GroupOlder Adults 856.78 455.22 1.882 0.0636 .
## actphi:GroupOlder Adults -40.10 29.37 -1.365 0.1761
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 187.3 on 77 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.4571, Adjusted R-squared: 0.4359
## F-statistic: 21.61 on 3 and 77 DF, p-value: 2.978e-10summary(lm(rt_c_mean.test ~ actphi + Group, dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.test ~ actphi + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -429.81 -103.01 -0.07 121.39 458.44
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 3089.90 242.88 12.722 < 2e-16 ***
## actphi -39.79 14.77 -2.695 0.00861 **
## GroupOlder Adults 238.93 49.74 4.804 7.39e-06 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 188.4 on 78 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.4439, Adjusted R-squared: 0.4296
## F-statistic: 31.13 on 2 and 78 DF, p-value: 1.15e-10summary(lm(memrepeat_accuracy ~ actphi * Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_accuracy ~ actphi * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.37659 -0.00114 0.02044 0.03949 0.06162
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.9439920 0.1401017 6.738 2.6e-09 ***
## actphi -0.0002970 0.0085509 -0.035 0.972
## GroupOlder Adults 0.0303502 0.1879130 0.162 0.872
## actphi:GroupOlder Adults 0.0006296 0.0121232 0.052 0.959
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.07732 on 77 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.06561, Adjusted R-squared: 0.02921
## F-statistic: 1.802 on 3 and 77 DF, p-value: 0.1538summary(lm(memrepeat_accuracy ~ actphi + Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_accuracy ~ actphi + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.37665 -0.00164 0.02081 0.04003 0.06089
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 9.389e-01 9.907e-02 9.477 1.29e-14 ***
## actphi 1.618e-05 6.023e-03 0.003 0.9979
## GroupOlder Adults 4.005e-02 2.029e-02 1.974 0.0519 .
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.07683 on 78 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.06558, Adjusted R-squared: 0.04162
## F-statistic: 2.737 on 2 and 78 DF, p-value: 0.07098summary(lm(memrepeat_rt ~ actphi * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_rt ~ actphi * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -180.898 -42.194 -2.702 36.790 194.457
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 493.080 144.725 3.407 0.00105 **
## actphi 3.489 8.833 0.395 0.69394
## GroupOlder Adults 240.964 194.114 1.241 0.21824
## actphi:GroupOlder Adults -13.584 12.523 -1.085 0.28143
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 79.88 on 77 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.07131, Adjusted R-squared: 0.03513
## F-statistic: 1.971 on 3 and 77 DF, p-value: 0.1253summary(lm(memrepeat_rt ~ actphi + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_rt ~ actphi + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -174.43 -48.75 -11.38 40.62 199.82
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 603.363 103.115 5.851 1.09e-07 ***
## actphi -3.269 6.269 -0.521 0.603
## GroupOlder Adults 31.652 21.116 1.499 0.138
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 79.97 on 78 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.05712, Adjusted R-squared: 0.03295
## F-statistic: 2.363 on 2 and 78 DF, p-value: 0.1009# IS
summary(lm(acc_mean.learning ~ IS * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.learning ~ IS * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.57683 -0.03289 0.02745 0.07432 0.16126
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.95005 0.08978 10.582 3.61e-16 ***
## IS -0.08864 0.20646 -0.429 0.669
## GroupOlder Adults -0.12249 0.12901 -0.950 0.346
## IS:GroupOlder Adults 0.11145 0.26678 0.418 0.677
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1309 on 70 degrees of freedom
## (9 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.07811, Adjusted R-squared: 0.0386
## F-statistic: 1.977 on 3 and 70 DF, p-value: 0.1253summary(lm(acc_mean.learning ~ IS + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.learning ~ IS + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.57874 -0.03554 0.03051 0.08165 0.16476
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.92192 0.05903 15.617 <2e-16 ***
## IS -0.02189 0.12999 -0.168 0.8668
## GroupOlder Adults -0.07049 0.03366 -2.094 0.0398 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1301 on 71 degrees of freedom
## (9 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.07582, Adjusted R-squared: 0.04978
## F-statistic: 2.912 on 2 and 71 DF, p-value: 0.06087summary(lm(rt_c_mean.learning~ IS * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.learning ~ IS * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -1496.8 -362.9 -80.7 298.3 3829.8
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1668.26 487.96 3.419 0.00105 **
## IS 95.32 1122.16 0.085 0.93255
## GroupOlder Adults 1345.44 701.18 1.919 0.05908 .
## IS:GroupOlder Adults -1189.27 1450.01 -0.820 0.41490
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 711.5 on 70 degrees of freedom
## (9 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2254, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1922
## F-statistic: 6.789 on 3 and 70 DF, p-value: 0.0004397summary(lm(rt_c_mean.learning~ IS + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.learning ~ IS + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -1490.1 -408.4 -67.0 319.4 3850.9
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1968.4 322.0 6.113 4.74e-08 ***
## IS -617.0 709.0 -0.870 0.387
## GroupOlder Adults 790.5 183.6 4.306 5.24e-05 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 709.9 on 71 degrees of freedom
## (9 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2179, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1959
## F-statistic: 9.893 on 2 and 71 DF, p-value: 0.0001622summary(lm(acc_mean.test~ IS * Group, dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.test ~ IS * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.24823 -0.06057 0.02381 0.06361 0.17922
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.92182 0.06503 14.175 <2e-16 ***
## IS -0.01505 0.14956 -0.101 0.920
## GroupOlder Adults -0.12990 0.09345 -1.390 0.169
## IS:GroupOlder Adults 0.12192 0.19325 0.631 0.530
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.09483 on 70 degrees of freedom
## (9 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1232, Adjusted R-squared: 0.08564
## F-statistic: 3.279 on 3 and 70 DF, p-value: 0.02592summary(lm(acc_mean.test~ IS + Group, dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.test ~ IS + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.25105 -0.05786 0.02615 0.06542 0.16631
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.89105 0.04283 20.804 < 2e-16 ***
## IS 0.05797 0.09431 0.615 0.54074
## GroupOlder Adults -0.07301 0.02442 -2.990 0.00383 **
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.09442 on 71 degrees of freedom
## (9 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1182, Adjusted R-squared: 0.09339
## F-statistic: 4.76 on 2 and 71 DF, p-value: 0.01149summary(lm(rt_c_mean.test ~ IS * Group, dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.test ~ IS * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -408.9 -124.9 -16.2 122.5 498.2
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 2447.85 138.94 17.618 <2e-16 ***
## IS -52.79 319.51 -0.165 0.869
## GroupOlder Adults 242.98 199.65 1.217 0.228
## IS:GroupOlder Adults 167.83 412.86 0.406 0.686
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 202.6 on 70 degrees of freedom
## (9 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.4077, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3823
## F-statistic: 16.06 on 3 and 70 DF, p-value: 4.808e-08summary(lm(rt_c_mean.test ~ IS + Group, dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.test ~ IS + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -406.51 -124.23 -16.62 129.07 495.28
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 2405.49 91.35 26.332 < 2e-16 ***
## IS 47.72 201.16 0.237 0.813
## GroupOlder Adults 321.30 52.08 6.169 3.77e-08 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 201.4 on 71 degrees of freedom
## (9 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.4063, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3896
## F-statistic: 24.29 on 2 and 71 DF, p-value: 9.158e-09summary(lm(memrepeat_accuracy ~ IS * Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_accuracy ~ IS * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.31380 -0.01657 0.01940 0.02524 0.11473
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1.06476 0.05211 20.433 <2e-16 ***
## IS -0.29915 0.11984 -2.496 0.0149 *
## GroupOlder Adults -0.09836 0.07488 -1.314 0.1933
## IS:GroupOlder Adults 0.32005 0.15485 2.067 0.0424 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.07598 on 70 degrees of freedom
## (9 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1369, Adjusted R-squared: 0.09993
## F-statistic: 3.702 on 3 and 70 DF, p-value: 0.0156summary(lm(memrepeat_accuracy ~ IS + Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_accuracy ~ IS + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.35378 -0.00726 0.02053 0.04299 0.08050
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.98398 0.03525 27.913 <2e-16 ***
## IS -0.10746 0.07762 -1.384 0.1706
## GroupOlder Adults 0.05098 0.02010 2.537 0.0134 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.07771 on 71 degrees of freedom
## (9 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.08425, Adjusted R-squared: 0.05845
## F-statistic: 3.266 on 2 and 71 DF, p-value: 0.04396summary(lm(memrepeat_rt ~ IS * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_rt ~ IS * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -172.37 -45.66 -14.36 36.14 212.12
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 601.09 53.98 11.135 <2e-16 ***
## IS -120.07 124.14 -0.967 0.337
## GroupOlder Adults 35.47 77.57 0.457 0.649
## IS:GroupOlder Adults 28.35 160.41 0.177 0.860
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 78.71 on 70 degrees of freedom
## (9 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.07706, Adjusted R-squared: 0.0375
## F-statistic: 1.948 on 3 and 70 DF, p-value: 0.1298summary(lm(memrepeat_rt ~ IS + Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_rt ~ IS + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -172.52 -46.05 -15.65 37.39 213.33
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 593.93 35.46 16.749 <2e-16 ***
## IS -103.09 78.08 -1.320 0.1910
## GroupOlder Adults 48.70 20.22 2.409 0.0186 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 78.18 on 71 degrees of freedom
## (9 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.07665, Adjusted R-squared: 0.05064
## F-statistic: 2.947 on 2 and 71 DF, p-value: 0.05896# amplitude
summary(lm(acc_mean.learning ~ actamp * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.learning ~ actamp * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.55916 -0.03333 0.03459 0.08358 0.16418
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.874912 0.136842 6.394 1.14e-08 ***
## actamp 0.010448 0.083442 0.125 0.901
## GroupOlder Adults -0.001302 0.183089 -0.007 0.994
## actamp:GroupOlder Adults -0.029763 0.113729 -0.262 0.794
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1387 on 77 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.03155, Adjusted R-squared: -0.006179
## F-statistic: 0.8362 on 3 and 77 DF, p-value: 0.4781summary(lm(acc_mean.learning ~ actamp + Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.learning ~ actamp + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.55812 -0.03627 0.04215 0.08189 0.15859
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.900830 0.093871 9.597 7.55e-15 ***
## actamp -0.005574 0.056358 -0.099 0.921
## GroupOlder Adults -0.048520 0.030931 -1.569 0.121
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.1379 on 78 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.03069, Adjusted R-squared: 0.005838
## F-statistic: 1.235 on 2 and 78 DF, p-value: 0.2965summary(lm(rt_c_mean.learning~ actamp * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.learning ~ actamp * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -1490.2 -449.8 -8.8 368.7 3948.6
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 2521.57 677.92 3.720 0.000377 ***
## actamp -497.01 413.37 -1.202 0.232918
## GroupOlder Adults 672.12 907.02 0.741 0.460938
## actamp:GroupOlder Adults -22.97 563.41 -0.041 0.967580
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 687.1 on 77 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.226, Adjusted R-squared: 0.1958
## F-statistic: 7.492 on 3 and 77 DF, p-value: 0.0001827summary(lm(rt_c_mean.learning~ actamp + Group, data = dmem2)) # ~##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.learning ~ actamp + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -1489.2 -451.7 -4.5 370.9 3948.0
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 2541.6 464.8 5.468 5.3e-07 ***
## actamp -509.4 279.1 -1.825 0.0718 .
## GroupOlder Adults 635.7 153.2 4.150 8.4e-05 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 682.7 on 78 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2259, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2061
## F-statistic: 11.38 on 2 and 78 DF, p-value: 4.595e-05summary(lm(acc_mean.test~ actamp * Group, dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.test ~ actamp * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.25013 -0.06713 0.02448 0.06533 0.17555
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.778199 0.094341 8.249 3.37e-12 ***
## actamp 0.079045 0.057526 1.374 0.173
## GroupOlder Adults -0.005116 0.126223 -0.041 0.968
## actamp:GroupOlder Adults -0.027673 0.078406 -0.353 0.725
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.09562 on 77 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1057, Adjusted R-squared: 0.07083
## F-statistic: 3.033 on 3 and 77 DF, p-value: 0.03425summary(lm(acc_mean.test~ actamp + Group, dmem2)) ####
## Call:
## lm(formula = acc_mean.test ~ actamp + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.24811 -0.07478 0.02508 0.07146 0.18257
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.80230 0.06474 12.393 <2e-16 ***
## actamp 0.06415 0.03887 1.650 0.1029
## GroupOlder Adults -0.04902 0.02133 -2.298 0.0242 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.09508 on 78 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.1042, Adjusted R-squared: 0.08126
## F-statistic: 4.538 on 2 and 78 DF, p-value: 0.01367summary(lm(rt_c_mean.test ~ actamp * Group, dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.test ~ actamp * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -419.31 -139.63 3.49 121.08 492.40
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 2634.81 194.18 13.569 <2e-16 ***
## actamp -120.12 118.40 -1.014 0.314
## GroupOlder Adults 73.52 259.80 0.283 0.778
## actamp:GroupOlder Adults 147.97 161.38 0.917 0.362
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 196.8 on 77 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.4006, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3773
## F-statistic: 17.16 on 3 and 77 DF, p-value: 1.259e-08summary(lm(rt_c_mean.test ~ actamp + Group, dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = rt_c_mean.test ~ actamp + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -404.33 -131.27 1.43 118.89 496.18
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 2505.96 133.87 18.720 < 2e-16 ***
## actamp -40.46 80.37 -0.503 0.616
## GroupOlder Adults 308.27 44.11 6.989 8.28e-10 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 196.6 on 78 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.3941, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3786
## F-statistic: 25.37 on 2 and 78 DF, p-value: 3.266e-09summary(lm(memrepeat_accuracy ~ actamp * Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_accuracy ~ actamp * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.36472 -0.00003 0.02083 0.02749 0.09383
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 1.01594 0.07577 13.408 <2e-16 ***
## actamp -0.04747 0.04620 -1.027 0.307
## GroupOlder Adults -0.03691 0.10138 -0.364 0.717
## actamp:GroupOlder Adults 0.04756 0.06298 0.755 0.452
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.0768 on 77 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.07822, Adjusted R-squared: 0.0423
## F-statistic: 2.178 on 3 and 77 DF, p-value: 0.0974summary(lm(memrepeat_accuracy ~ actamp + Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_accuracy ~ actamp + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.37115 -0.00257 0.01883 0.03425 0.07605
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 0.97453 0.05215 18.688 <2e-16 ***
## actamp -0.02187 0.03131 -0.699 0.4869
## GroupOlder Adults 0.03854 0.01718 2.243 0.0277 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.07659 on 78 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.07139, Adjusted R-squared: 0.04758
## F-statistic: 2.998 on 2 and 78 DF, p-value: 0.05565summary(lm(memrepeat_rt ~ actamp * Group, data = dmem2))##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_rt ~ actamp * Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -173.769 -43.651 0.396 36.694 215.116
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 554.761 79.085 7.015 7.8e-10 ***
## actamp -2.933 48.224 -0.061 0.952
## GroupOlder Adults 98.356 105.812 0.930 0.356
## actamp:GroupOlder Adults -39.341 65.727 -0.599 0.551
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 80.16 on 77 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.06476, Adjusted R-squared: 0.02832
## F-statistic: 1.777 on 3 and 77 DF, p-value: 0.1585summary(lm(memrepeat_rt ~ actamp + Group, data = dmem2)) ##
## Call:
## lm(formula = memrepeat_rt ~ actamp + Group, data = dmem2)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -172.681 -46.028 -5.094 35.199 209.649
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 589.02 54.35 10.837 <2e-16 ***
## actamp -24.11 32.63 -0.739 0.4622
## GroupOlder Adults 35.94 17.91 2.007 0.0482 *
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 79.83 on 78 degrees of freedom
## (2 observations deleted due to missingness)
## Multiple R-squared: 0.06041, Adjusted R-squared: 0.03632
## F-statistic: 2.507 on 2 and 78 DF, p-value: 0.08802